6/19/2023 0 Comments Binding repertoire biology meaning![]() The variable region (Fv) is composed of two domains called the heavy (VH) and light (VL) chains. There are five possible main Fc portions in humans, and which one is used on a particular antibody is governed by the process of class switching ( 2). The Fab fragment is further split into constant and variable regions. It can be divided into two parts, the crystallizable fragment (Fc) and the antigen binding fragment (Fab). An antibody is a large complex molecule (~150 kDa). Antibodies have the capacity for binding an extraordinary variety of epitopes as a result of their sequence diversity, which is estimated at 10 13 unique molecules in the human antibody repertoire ( 1). Further functions of antibodies are activation of the complement system or tagging of antigens for elimination by other immune pathways. Their primary function is to recognize structural sequence motifs (epitopes) within molecules (antigens) usually related to pathogens, which may lead to direct neutralization of those pathogens or their toxins. Here, we review how these data types enrich one another and show potential for advancing our knowledge of the immune system and improving antibody engineering.Īntibodies are proteins produced by the B cells of jawed vertebrates. As the number of antibody structures steadily increases and more and more Ig-seq datasets become available, the opportunities that arise from combining the two types of information increase as well. Furthermore, contrasting naïve and antigenically challenged datasets using structural antibody descriptors should provide insights into antibody maturation. The mapping of Ig-seq datasets to known antibody structures can indicate structurally, and perhaps functionally, uncharted areas. Developing systematic relationships between the antibody sequence information gathered from Ig-seq and low-throughput techniques such as X-ray crystallography could radically improve our understanding of antibodies. However, structural information, a crucial descriptor of antibody binding capability, is not collected in Ig-seq protocols. Next-generation sequencing of immunoglobulin gene repertoires (Ig-seq) allows the investigation of large-scale antibody dynamics at a sequence level. 3Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Center, Oxford, United Kingdom.2Division of Immunology and the Children’s Research Center, University Children’s Hospital, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.1Department of Statistics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |